{"id":3677,"date":"2023-04-11T10:11:35","date_gmt":"2023-04-11T07:11:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/?p=3677"},"modified":"2023-04-11T10:11:35","modified_gmt":"2023-04-11T07:11:35","slug":"cactusul-pufos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/cactusul-pufos\/","title":{"rendered":"CACTUSUL PUFOS"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_3680\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3680\" style=\"width: 511px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-1389473265-170667a.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"511\" height=\"338\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3680\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-1389473265-170667a.jpg 511w, https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-1389473265-170667a-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-1389473265-170667a-91x60.jpg 91w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 511px) 100vw, 511px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3680\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><\/p>\n<p><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-1364573714-170667a.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"479\" height=\"359\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3681\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-1364573714-170667a.jpg 479w, https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-1364573714-170667a-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/04\/istockphoto-1364573714-170667a-80x60.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 479px) 100vw, 479px\" \/> <\/p>\n<p>Cactusul pufos sau Mescalina (Lophophora williamsii, Fam. Cactaceae) con\u021bine substan\u021be active din punct de vedere farmacologic,substan\u021ba cea mai important\u0103 ob\u021binut\u0103 din cactus este alcaloidul mescalina 3,4, 5-trimetoxifeniletil amina.<br \/>\nMescalina se g\u0103se\u0219te laolalt\u0103 cu al\u021bi alcaloizi din peiote (mescal), ob\u021binut\u0103 din cactusul fructifer pufos (Lophophora williamsi) un cactus mic, \u00een form\u0103 de morcov, lipsit de ace, care \u00een SUA cre\u0219te \u00een valea r\u00e2ului Rio Grande. V\u00e2rfurile plantei se taie \u0219i se usuc\u0103 la soare pentru a forma muguri de peiote, folosi\u021bi de diferite triburi de indieni din America \u00een scopuri religioase.<br \/>\nIndienii m\u0103n\u00e2nc\u0103 peiotul sacramental \u00een acela\u0219i fel \u00een care o parte din cre\u0219tini utilizeaz\u0103 p\u00e2inea \u0219i vinul sfin\u021bite.<br \/>\nPeiotul se m\u0103n\u00e2nc\u0103 \u00een timpul unei ceremonii rituale cu imnuri, dansuri \u0219i rug\u0103ciuni.<br \/>\nInteresul pentru mescalin\u0103 se datoreaz\u0103 faptului c\u0103 provoac\u0103 efecte psihice \u0219i halucina\u021bii vizuale neobi\u0219nuite.<br \/>\nDoza obi\u0219nuit\u0103 pe cale bucal\u0103 (5 mg\/kilo-corp pentru individul normal mediu) provoac\u0103 o stare de anxietate, efecte vegetative simpaticomimetice, hiperreflexie la nivelul membrelor, tremur\u0103turi statice \u0219i halucina\u021bii intense de obicei vizuale, \u0219i care constau din lumini str\u0103lucitoare colorate, desenuri geometrice,animale \u0219i uneori persoane.<br \/>\nPercep\u021bia culorilor \u0219i a spa\u021biului este adesea concomitent tulburat\u0103, \u00eens\u0103 \u00een rest, sensibilitatea este normal\u0103, iar introspec\u021bia se men\u021bine. Atunci c\u00e2nd modific\u0103rile psihice sunt u\u0219oare, electroencefalograma este \u00een mod obi\u0219nuit<br \/>\nnormal\u0103..<br \/>\nLa unii bolnavi cu schizofrenie la care se administreaz\u0103 mescalin\u0103 se poate instala o stare de anxietate extrem\u0103, iar la al\u021bii, halucina\u021biile pot avea un pronun\u021bat caracter sexual. Efectele unei singure doze de mescalin\u0103 persist\u0103 timp de aproximativ 12 ore. \u00cen anumite privin\u021be, efectele psihice sunt asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu cele provocate de doze foarte mici de dietilamida acidului lisergic.<br \/>\nMescalina se elimin\u0103 destul de rapid prin urin\u0103,\u00een bun\u0103 parte ca atare, \u00eens\u0103 \u00eentr-o mic\u0103 parte sub form\u0103 de produs metabolic (acidul 3,4,5-trimetoxifenilacetic).<br \/>\nMescalina a fost \u00eentrebuin\u021bat\u0103 experimental pentru cercetarea schizofreniei \u0219i a altor st\u0103ri de psihoz\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru investigarea halucina\u021biilor vizuale. O descriere complet\u0103 a efectelor sale psihice este descris\u0103 de Kluver (1928), Hoch (1950).<br \/>\nAlte specii de cactus au interes numai pur istoric. Cactusul grandiflorus care \u00eenflore\u0219te noaptea a fost \u00eentrebuin\u021bat la un moment dat ca \u00eenlocuitor al digitalinei \u0219i poate fi g\u0103sit \u00eenc\u0103 \u00een compozi\u021bia c\u00e2torva substan\u021be antinevralgice. \u00cen ciuda numelui s\u0103u impun\u0103tor nu are nici o activitate farmacologic\u0103 \u0219i nici valoare terapeutic\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cactusul pufos sau Mescalina (Lophophora williamsii, Fam. Cactaceae) con\u021bine substan\u021be active din punct de vedere farmacologic,substan\u021ba cea mai important\u0103 ob\u021binut\u0103 din cactus este alcaloidul mescalina 3,4, 5-trimetoxifeniletil amina. Mescalina se &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3678,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6,26],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3677"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3687,"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677\/revisions\/3687"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3678"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ancadanielaraiciu.ro\/w\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}